# What should a pre-purchase inspection cover?

Source: https://www.wingmanaerocare.com/answers/what-should-a-pre-buy-inspection-cover (updated 2026-10-16)
Published by Wingman AeroCare, Northern Colorado Regional Airport (KFNL). (970) 292-0719.

**Short answer:** A thorough pre-purchase inspection covers four things: the records (logbooks, AD compliance, Form 337s, damage history), the engine (compression, borescope, oil filter, and oil analysis), the airframe and systems (corrosion, structure, controls, landing gear, avionics), and a written report with photos and estimated costs to correct. Unlike an annual, a pre-buy has no regulatory definition, so the scope is whatever you and your inspector agree to in writing.

## Why is there no "standard" pre-buy?

The FAA defines what an annual inspection must include (14 CFR Part 43, Appendix D), but there is no FAA rule for a pre-purchase inspection. It is a private evaluation for the buyer. That means two pre-buys on the same airplane can be completely different, and the buyer should know exactly what is and is not included before work begins.

## 1. Records review

Records problems are often the most expensive findings, because they can affect value, insurability, and airworthiness all at once. A records review should check:

- **Continuity.** Complete airframe, engine, and propeller logbooks back to new, with no unexplained gaps.
- **AD compliance.** A current AD status list, verified against the actual ADs for the airframe, engine, propeller, and appliances (14 CFR 91.417(a)(2)(v)).
- **Major repairs and alterations.** Copies of FAA Form 337s and STC paperwork for every modification (14 CFR 91.417(a)(2)(vi)).
- **Damage history.** Evidence of past accidents or incidents, including repairs that may not be clearly labeled.
- **Engine and propeller history.** Time since overhaul, who did it, and calendar time, not just hours.
- **Weight and balance and equipment list.** Current and consistent with what is actually installed.

See [logbook red flags](https://www.wingmanaerocare.com/answers/logbook-red-flags-when-buying) for specific warning signs.

## 2. Engine evaluation

The engine is usually the single most expensive component, so it deserves the most attention:

- **Differential compression test** on each cylinder ([what it tells you](https://www.wingmanaerocare.com/answers/what-does-a-compression-test-tell-you))
- **Borescope inspection** of cylinders and valves ([what it shows](https://www.wingmanaerocare.com/answers/what-does-a-borescope-inspection-show))
- **Oil filter cut and inspection** for metal
- **Oil sample for analysis** ([what it reveals](https://www.wingmanaerocare.com/answers/what-does-oil-analysis-tell-you))
- **Run-up and leak check:** mag drop, idle, static RPM, oil and fuel leaks, exhaust condition
- **Engine monitor data** if available, to look for cylinder temperature trends

## 3. Airframe, systems, and corrosion

- Corrosion inspection, especially wing spars, carry-throughs, control surfaces, and belly areas
- Structural damage and evidence of prior repairs
- Flight control cables, pulleys, hinges, and travel
- Landing gear, brakes, and (for retractables) gear operation
- Fuel system, including tanks and bladders where applicable
- Avionics and autopilot function
- Interior, windows, doors, and seat rails

## 4. Test flight

A test flight, when the seller allows it, confirms engine performance, avionics, autopilot, trim, and handling. Agree in advance who flies and who is responsible for any damage during the flight.

## 5. The report

The deliverable matters as much as the inspection. A useful pre-buy report includes:

- A clear list of findings, separated into airworthiness items and everything else
- Photos (and ideally video) for each finding
- Estimated cost-to-correct ranges, so you can negotiate on real numbers
- A conversation with the inspector to walk through what matters

## Should I stage the inspection?

Yes, if you can. Starting with records and the engine, then pausing for a go/no-go decision before the deeper airframe inspection, can save you money on an airplane that fails early. If the logbooks are missing or the engine has a serious problem, you may not need to pay for the rest.

## Who should do it?

Use a shop that has no relationship with the seller and knows the type. The inspector works for you, and findings should be shared with the seller only with your permission.

## How Wingman handles it

Wingman AeroCare's ClearBuy pre-purchase inspection comes in three levels: Remote (records review), Standard (onsite, two phases), and Premium (enhanced access). Phase 1 covers the engine and records, then you get a stop/go decision before Phase 2 covers airframe, systems, and corrosion. The onsite packages deliver a written report, a photo evidence pack, cost-to-correct ranges, and a debrief call; Remote delivers a written records memo. Findings are never shared with the seller without your permission. ClearBuy is quoted per aircraft; see [pre-purchase inspections](https://www.wingmanaerocare.com/services/pre-purchase-inspections) or call (970) 292-0719.